Data Encapsulation In TCP/IP
• Outgoing data is packaged and identified for delivery to the layer underneath
• PDU – Packet Data Unit – the “envelop” information attached to a packet at a particular
TCP/IP protocol e.g. header and trailer
• Header (Identifies the protocol in use, the sender and intended recipient)
• Trailer (or packet trailer) (Provides data integrity checks for the payload)
Data Formats
Encapsulation (TCP/IP)
Encapsulation example: E-mail
TCP/IP protocol stack
TCP/IP Reference Model
What is a socket?
• An interface between application and network( each application create socket)
• Socket(Protocol family, type-of-communication, specific- protocol);
• The socket type dictates the style of communication
reliable vs. best effort
connection-oriented vs. connectionless
Q/Explain the delivery of data in Layered model?
Type of delivery Layer Shape of
data
Type of
addressing
End to End Transport Segment Port (socket)
Source To Destination Network Packet Logical (IP)
Node to Node Data Link Frame Physical(MAC)
