• Medical instruments are essential tools used in diagnosing, treating, and monitoring patients. Proper classification is critical for healthcare professionals to understand their application, maintenance, and sterilization.

  Classification of Medical Instruments:

  1. Diagnostic Instruments

   Examples: Stethoscope and Otoscope.

  2. Surgical Instruments

  Examples: cutting, dissecting, grasping, suturing, and other procedures.

• Biomedical instrumentation refers to the application of technology and knowledge to address challenges related to living biological systems, especially in medical diagnosis, treatment, and disease prevention.

• Any biomedical instrumentation system typically consists of the following fundamental parts:

  1- Measurand

  2- Sensor/Transducer

  3- Signal Conditioner

  4- Display

  5- Data Storage and Transmission

• Medical instrumentation refers to the use of devices and technologies to measure, record, and analyze biological signals and physiological functions for medical purposes.
• The field combines principles from electronics, mechanical engineering, biology, and medicine to create tools that improve healthcare diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment.

VITAMINS

CLASSIFICATION

VITAMIN A

VITAMIN A Function

Deficiency of Vitamin A

VITAMIN D

VITAMIN D Function

Deficiency of Vitamin D

VITAMIN E

VITAMIN E Function

Deficiency of Vitamin E

VITAMIN K

VITAMIN K Function

Deficiency of Vitamin K

VITAMIN C

VITAMIN C Function

Deficiency of Vitamin C

VITAMIN B1

VITAMIN B1 Function

Deficiency of Vitamin B1

VITAMIN B2

VITAMIN B2 Function

Deficiency of Vitamin B2

VITAMIN B3

Review of related probability and statistics related topics.
1st
Definition of random variable, definition of Alphabet, definition of
joint probability.
2nd
Conditional probabilities and Bayes rule .Independence of two

Review of related probability and statistics related topics.
1st
Definition of random variable, definition of Alphabet, definition of
joint probability.
2nd
Conditional probabilities and Bayes rule .Independence of two

A microscopy : It is a tool used to see small things that can only be seen with the naked eye. Such as microorganisms. • The microscopy consists : Light microscopy Electron microscopy