مدرس المادة

Water And Electrolytes Balance and Imbalance   

Distribution of Water:

Disturbances of Water Homeostasis

Four specific examples of water homeostasis:

Mechanisms of Fluid Balance

Thirst Mechanism

Renin to Aldosterone

Minerals and trace elements metabolism

Key Electrolytes and Their Distribution

Sodium (Na ++ )  

Absorption and availability of sodiumSodium depletion 

Potassium (K⁺)

Transport and absorption of potassium: 

Hyperkalemia

Hypokalemia

Chloride (Cl⁻)

Hyperchloremia 

Hypochloremia:

Magnesium (Mg²⁺)

Hypermagnesaemia:

Hypomagnesemia:

Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)

Phosphate (PO₄³⁻)

Calcium (Ca ++ )

Calcium is essential for the following:

Calcium absorption and balance

Hypercalcemia 

Hypocalcaemia

Mechanisms Maintaining Electrolyte Distribution