مدرس المادة
This lecture provides a comprehensive introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), which plays a crucial role in regulating involuntary physiological functions such as heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, and pupil size.
Students will learn about the organization and function of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, the neurotransmitters involved (acetylcholine and norepinephrine), and their respective receptors (adrenergic and cholinergic). The lecture also introduces drugs that modulate ANS activity, such as agonists, antagonists, and enzyme inhibitors.

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