Measures of Central Tendency (Measures of Position) )مقاييس النزعة المركزية (مقاييس الموضع
1- Introduction
It’s a numerical measures used to measure the data
concentrate position or cluster. In general the data is
tend to be concentrated around a particular values.
Polar Coordinates
So far, you have been representing graphs as collections of points on the
rectangular coordinate system. The corresponding equations for these graphs have been
in either rectangular or parametric form. In this section, you will study a coordinate
system called the polar coordinate system.
(a) (b) (c)
In the preceding sections we studied parabolas with vertices at the origin and ellipses and
hyperbolas with centers at the origin. We restricted ourselves to these cases because these
equations have the simplest form. In this section we consider conics whose vertices and
centers are not necessarily at the origin, and we determine how this affects their equation
Shifting graphs of Equations ■ Shifted Ellipses ■ Shifted Parabolas
■ Shifted Hyperbolas ■ the general Equation of a Shifted Conic
■ Shifting graphs of Equations
The geometric definition suggests a simple method for drawing an ellipse. Place a
sheet of paper on a drawing board, and insert thumbtacks at the two points that are to
be the foci of the ellipse. Attach the ends of a string to the tacks, as shown in Figure
2(a). With the point of a pencil, hold the string taut. Then carefully move the pencil
حيث ان فراغ العينةوعدد الحالات التي تحقق حدثا معينا يستخدم في حساب الاحتمالات بهذا الحدث ,وفي بعض الأحيان يكون عدد عناصر فراغ العينة عددا كبيرا لذلك يمكن تحديد عناصره