Hypertension:
Common chronic disorder in which there is sustained elevation of arterial blood pressure
above normal value. SBP of > 140 mm Hg or a sustained DBP of > 90 mm Hg. or both. on
more than one occasion.
* Blood pressure = Cardiac output (COP) X Total Vascular Resistance (TPR)
* Cardiac output (COP) = Heart Rate (HR) X Strok Volume(SV)
Note: The Optimal healthy blood pressure is (<120/<80).& the American Heart
Association
(AHA) defines hypertension as arterial BP higher than 140/90mmHg (based on three
measurements at different times).
• Signs &Symptoms;
• In most cases elevation of blood pressure not associated with significant signs or
symptoms ( it’s a silent killer ). However, sometime patients may suffer from number of
symptoms as headache , bloody nose , blurred vision, dizziness, fatigue , palpitations and
facial flushing .
• Untreated hypertension increases the risk for development of end organs failure
causing coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, renal failure and peripheral
vascular disease.
